Generation of 3D human gastrointestinal organoids: principle and applications

Cell Regeneration

Table 1 Culture media for human GI organoids

Organ	Source of organoids	Basal medium	EGF	Noggin	R-spondin1	Wnt3a	Gastrin	FGF10	Nicotinamide	A-83-01	SB202190	PGE2	Reference
Stomach	Corpus	+^a	50 ng/ml	10% CM	10% CM	50% CM	1 nM	200 ng/ml	Facultative	2 μM	–	–	(Bartfeld et al., 2015)
	Corpus and antrum	+	20 ng/ml	150 ng/ml	25% CM	50% CM	10 nM	150 ng/ml	10 mM	1 μM	2 μM	–	(Schlaermann et al., 2016)
	Fundus	+	50 ng/ml	100 ng/ml	20% CM	50% CM	1 nM	200 ng/ml	10 mM	–	–	–	(Bertaux-Skeirik et al., 2015)
Intestine	Small intestine and colon	+	50 ng/ml	100 ng/ml	1 μg/ml	100 ng/ml	10 nM	–	10 mM	500 nM	10 μM	–	(Sato et al., 2011)
	Small intestine and colon	+	-^b	100 ng/ml	1 μg/ml	50% CM	10 nM	–	-^b	500 nM	-^b	–	(Fujii et al., 2018)
	Colon	+	20 ng/ml	100 ng/ml	1 μg/ml	50% CM	1 μg/ml	–	10 mM	500 nM^c	10 μM	10 nM	(Jung et al., 2011)
	Colon	+^a	50 ng/ml	100 ng/ml	10% CM	50% CM	10 nM	–	–	500 nM	10 μM	–	(Fujii et al., 2019)
Basal medium: Advanced DMEM/F12 + Penicinin/Streptomycin (1X) + Glutamine (2 mM) + N2 (1X) + B27 (1X) + N-acetylcysteine (1 mM) + HEPES (10 mM)

Typically normal organoid and cancer organoid share the same culture medium. ^aN2 is absent in basal medium. ^bEGF, Nicotinamide and SB20190 is replaced by 50 ng/ml FGF-2 and 100 ng/ml IGF-1. ^cAnother TGF-β inhibitor LY2157299 is used instead of A83–01. CM Conditional medium