Table 4 Some of MSC-based Clinical Data For Scleroderma
Source of cells or tissues | References | Type of the study | The site of stem cell injection | Included patients | Clinical outcomes | Post-intervention complications |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Fat tissue auto graft ± PRP | (Daumas et al. 2020) | Case report | -PRP/microfat in nasolabial folds and chin and cheekbones -PRP/emulsified fat in upper lip, lower lip, and submucosally at the level of the oral commissure | 1 patient Affected by systemic sclerosis–related perioral thickening | ↑skin trophicity | -minimal Bruising, pain and swelling in donor areas -superficial hematomas in the injection site |
(Del Papa et al. 2019) | Clinical trial | the base of the finger | 25/13 patients with IDU(fat/control groups) | ↑IDU healing ↓pain ↑the number of capillaries in the affected digit | NR | |
Fat tissue auto graft/ AD-MSC | (Onesti et al. 2016) | Clinical trial | Subcutaneous peri-oral location | 5/5 affected by dcSSc (fat/ AD-MSC groups) | ↑subjective wellness of the skin in the perioral areas ↑IvMHISS score ↑mouth opening ↑VAS score *the results were not significantly different between two groups | NR |
AD-MSC | (Khanna et al. 2018) | Clinical trial | Subcutaneous in all fingers | 48/40With impairment of hand function(diffuse and limited sclerosis cases)(AD-MSC / control groups) | ↑CHFS score ↓RCS ↑SHAQ score Improvement in EQ-5D-5L assessment(diffuse subjects) ↑Patient Global Assessment of SSc activity(diffuse subjects) | -Upper respiratory tract infection -Arthralgia -Cellulitis -Pain in extremity -Hypoesthesia The process is reported to be safe |
ADSVF ± PRP | (Virzì et al. 2017) | Case report | Subcutaneous in peri-oral and malar area | 6 patients affected by dcSSc | ↑skin elasticity (improvement of the opening and extension benchmarks of the labial rhyme) ↓longitudinal skin wrinkles of the upper lip more harmonious, less tense, ↑capillary density ↓vascular ectasia ↑neoangiogenesis | NR |
(Song et al. 2017) | Case report | Subcutaneous in metacarpophalangeal of both hands and the amputation stump of the left middle finger, and under a skin necrosis in the right hand. | 62 patients affected by dcSSc | There was no need to further amputation because of gangrene, ulcer and impaired wound healing. | NR | |
(Daumas et al. 2017) | Clinical trial | All fingers | 12 patients with hand disability of at least 20 points using CHFS. | ↑SHAQ score ↑CHFS score ↑grip strength ↑pinch strength ↓ RCS ↓DU NC in Mean global disease severity score | NR | |
UC-MSC | (Zhang et al. 2017) | Clinical trial | NR | 14 patients affected by dcSSc | ↓skin thickness ↑lung function (in 3 ILD affected patients) ↑ulcer healing ↓Serum anti-Scl70 autoantibody titer ↓TGFβ and VEGF levels NC in IFN-γ, IL-4 or IL-10 | -upper respiratory tract infections -diarrhea |
(Liang et al. 2018) | Retrospective cohort | NR | 39 patients affected by SSc | mesenchymal stem cell infusion is a safe therapy for patients with autoimmune diseases | The incidence of Hyper acute (fever, headache, palpitation and so on) and acute (hair loss, facial rash and so on) adverse effects, transplantation-related mortality, infection and malignancy are not high. Survival rate in1 year after infusion is almost 70% | |
(Wehbe et al. 2016) | Case report | intravenous | 2 affected by progressive, refractory scleroderma | ↓dyspnea (first subject) Pulmonary hypertension was normalized (first subject) ↓skin contracture (first subject) pericardial effusion was resolved (first subject) ↓joint pain (second subject) ability to exert was normalized (second subject) ↓arthritis (second subject) ↓Raynaud’s phenomenon pain (second subject) ↑mobility and function(both subjects after second injection) | NR |