Table 1 A short description about causes and current therapy of the vaginal reconstruction
From: Scaffold strategies combined with mesenchymal stem cells in vaginal construction: a review
Factors which can promote the vaginal abnormalities | Conventional therapies to vaginal reconstruction | Critical issues regarding conventional therapies |
|---|---|---|
I. Genetic alterations | McIndoe technique: reconstruction of the vaginal canal through full-thickness skin grafting; surgical methods. | Continuous use of molds until complete epithelialization |
II. Hormonal alterations | Frank’s technique: progressive dilation for distension and the creation of a vaginal neocavity; non-surgical methods. | Requires great motivation and persistence from patients |
III. Epigenetic factors | Vecchietti technique; laparoscopic approach | Pain during vaginal traction, lack of lubrication and prolonged use of vaginal prostheses. |