From: Modeling nervous system tumors with human stem cells and organoids
Tumor Types | Model Types | Model Subtypes | Model Descriptions | References |
---|---|---|---|---|
Glioblastoma (GBM) | Cell-of-origin models | Stem cell model | p53KD IPSC line–p53KD NPC p53KD NPC: Lentivirus expressing Ras/EGFR/Src | Sancho-Martinez et al. 2016 |
ESC: Transcription activator-like effector nuclease (TALEN)-mediated homologous recombination (HR) to delete PTENΔ1–NSC | Duan et al. 2015 | |||
Hues8-iCas9 hPSCs– iCas9 hNSCs iCas9 NSC: CRISPR/Cas9-mediated TP53/NF1/PTEN knockout | Wang et al. 2021 | |||
IPSC: CRISPR/Cas9-mediated PTEN and NF1 knockout IPSC: CRISPR/Cas9-mediated TP53 and PDGFRAΔ8–9 knockout | Koga et al. 2020 | |||
Organoid model | hESC—organoid, CRISPR/ Cas9 target an HRasG12V-IRES-tdTomato into the TP53 locus Organoid-derived tumor cell or primary patient-derived glioblastoma cell co-culture with organoid | Ogawa et al. 2018 | ||
Organoid: Sleeping Beauty (SB) transposon-mediated gene insertion for oncogene-amplification and CRISPR/Cas9-based mutagenesis of tumor suppressor genes. The cancer drivers used include MYCOE, CDKN2A−/CDKN2B−/EGFROE/EGFRvIIIOE, NF1−/PTEN−/TP53−, EGFRvIIIOE/ CDKN2A−/PTEN− | Bian et al. 2018 | |||
Tumor organoids | Patient-derived GBM cell lines–GBM organoid | Hubert et al. 2016; Jacob et al. 2020; Golebiewska et al. 2020; Shakya et al. 2021 | ||
Patient-derived GBM cell lines–GBM explant | LeBlanc et al. 2022 | |||
3D multicellular coculture model | IPSC/hESC–organoid Cancer cell co-cultured with organoid | Krieger et al. 2020; Choe et al. 2020 | ||
IPSC/hESC–organoid Cancer stem cell co-cultured with organoid | Goranci-Buzhala et al. 2020; Linkous et al. 2019 | |||
IPSC–organoid PTPRZ1-positive tumor cells co-cultured with organoid | Bhaduri et al. 2020 | |||
IPSC–neurons/glial cells/ astrocyte Cancer cells co-cultured with neurons/glial cells/ astrocyte | Plummer et al. 2019 | |||
Cancer stem cell co-cultured with 3D-bioprinted tumor microevironmental cells | Tang et al. 2020 | |||
Diffuse Midline Glioma, H3K27M-mutant (DMG) and H3G34R-mutant High-grade Glioma (HGG) | Cell-of-origin models | Stem cell model | IPSC—iNSC: CRISPR/cas9-mediated H3.3K27M point mutation + shTP53 | Haag et al. 2021 |
hESC–NPC NPC: Lentivirus expressing PDGFRA/H3.3K27M/shTP53 | Funato et al. 2014 | |||
Hindbrain NSC: piggyBac H3.3-K27M Forebrain NSC: piggyBac H3.3-G34R/PDGFRA and CRISPR/Cas9-mediated TP53 knockout | Bressan et al. 2021 | |||
hESC: CRISPR/Cas9-mediated TP53/ATRX knockout and Lentivirus expressing H3.3-G34R mutation—ventral forebrain NPC or ventral hindbrain NPC | Funato et al. 2021 | |||
Low-grade Glioma (LGG) | Cell-of-origin models | Stem cell model | hESC–NSC NSC: Lentivirus expressing R132H-IDH and shP53/shATRX | Modrek et al. 2017 |
Tumor organoids | Patient-derived lower-grade glioma cell lines–lower-grade glioma organoid | Abdullah et al. 2022 | ||
Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1) | Cell-of-origin models | Stem cell model | IPSC: CRISPR/Cas9-mediated NF1 knockout–Neural crest–Schwann cell Patient-derived NF1-/- plexiform neurofibroma cells–NF1-/- IPSC-Neural crest–Schwann cell | Mazuelas et al. 2022 |
IPSC: CRISPR/Cas9-mediated NF1 knockout–Schwannian lineage cells | Mo et al. 2021 | |||
Medulloblastoma | Cell-of-origin models | Stem cell model | IPSC–NES NES: transduction with MYCN Patients with Gorlin syndrome–IPSC–NES | Huang et al. 2019 |
IPSC–NPC NPC: lentivirus expressing MYC and DNp53 | Xue et al. 2021 | |||
Embryonic hindbrain NES/IPSC–NSC NSC: lentivirus expressing MYCN | Čančer et al. 2019 | |||
NSC: lentiviral and retroviral vectors expressing MYC/DNp53/hTERT/AKT | Hanaford et al. 2016 | |||
Gorlin syndrome patient cell lines (SHH receptor PTCH1 mutation)–IPSC–iNES | Susanto et al. 2020 | |||
Organoid model | IPSC–cerebellar organoid (piggyBac expressing c-MYC/Otx2) | Ballabio et al. 2020 | ||
Tumor organoids | Patient-derived MB cells-MB organoid | Frisira et al. 2019; Li et al. 2022 | ||
Atypical Teratoid/rhabdoid Tumor (AT/RT) | Cell-of-origin models | Stem cell model | IPSC: CRISPR/Cas9-mediated SMARCB1/TP53 knockout–NPC | Terada et al. 2019 |
Meningiomas | Tumor organoids | Patient-derived meningioma cell–meningioma organoid | Yamazaki et al. 2021 |