Fig. 3

Research strategies for studying the relationship between 3D chromatin organization and phase separation. A Artificially induce condensates at specific genomic loci to form chromatin loops by the combination of light induction, CRISPR-Cas9, and IDR-induced phase separation in CasDrop system. B Globally damage phase separation in the nucleus by 1.5% 1,6-HD treatment for 2 min, which leads to strengthened compartment segregation, homogenized A-A interactions, B-A compartment switching, TAD reorganization and weakened long-range interactions. C Disrupt distinct nuclear condensates by key phase-separating protein mutations and rescue them through IDR fusion to observe 3D chromatin reorganization